The colorful world of beetles: photos with insect names

Coleoptera or beetles, photos with names of which present an absolutely enchanting spectacle in terms of the variety of colors, habitats and whimsical forms, are the most numerous order of insects. Compared to Coleoptera, the rest of the colorful kingdom of animals such as arthropods fades.

Coleoptera is the international Latin name for this order of tracheal-breathing insects. They are separated into a separate detachment based on a distinctive feature that is absent in other known subdivisions. In the process of evolution, their front wings were transformed into elytra, but the lower ones, used for flight, were also preserved.

Variety of beetles

The first beetles appeared on our Earth more than three hundred million years ago. These living creatures make up the largest group of insects. Imagine that the order consists of more than 350,000 different species.

Sixty percent of all beetles are representatives of just five families:

1. Predatory beetles – 45,000.
2. Ground beetles - 40,000.
3. Weevils – 60,000.
4. Barbels – 26,000.
5. Leaf beetles – 35,000.

Insects have a wide habitat all over the world, sometimes settling even in our houses and apartments. In our article we want to look at some types of beetles.

Tuco – Tuco

Tuco-tuco are small rodents:

• weight – 700 grams;
• body length does not exceed 25 centimeters;
• The length of the tail is about eight centimeters.

Such sizes are direct evidence that tuco-tucos are ideally adapted to underground life. In addition, rodents are actually ready to build various residential objects from soil and sand, ideally adapted for the constant residence of a tuco-tuco.

May beetles

May beetles are quite common in our latitudes. Their appearance occurs in the spring - most often this occurs at the end of April. What types of cockchafers are known? In general, the entire genus is represented by 24 species, nine of which live in Russia. It is believed that the beetles appear with the budding of oak trees and the appearance of leaves on birch trees. If you look closely at the soil on warm spring days, you can see cockchafers crawling out after wintering. In the evenings, near the flowering green trees, you can hear the buzzing of insects. These are cockchafers. During the day you may not notice them on plants; they sit on leaves, clinging to them with their legs. It must be said that all types of cockchafers harm shrubs and trees, eating their greenery and flowers.

Giant mole rat

This underground resident is ready to surprise with its size:

• the minimum body length is 25 centimeters, and the maximum is 35;
• weight reaches one kilogram.

Body color can be ocher-brown, gray-fawn or light. In any case, appearance cannot be considered pleasant.

The giant mole rat leads only an underground and sedentary lifestyle, and it tries to build multi-tiered passages. Cutters are used to make passages.

The average characteristics of underground residential facilities for the giant mole rat are provided:

• the diameter of the stern passages ranges between 11 and 16 centimeters;
• depth does not exceed 50 centimeters;
• sandy soil layers are used to make passages;
• Special emissions appear on the ground surface, made in the form of truncated cones. Moreover, their height is about 30 – 50 centimeters, and their weight is 10 kilograms;
• the length of the feed tunnels can be 500 meters;
• the tunnels include numerous additional objects that are located at a depth of no more than three meters. In this case, the underground inhabitant cannot approach more than 90 centimeters to the ground surface.

The giant mole rat is one of the most powerful and formidable inhabitants of the underground world. This proves the presence of terrible teeth that can even break a shovel.

The mole is an insectivorous and mammalian creature. In most cases, moles live in Eurasia, but they can also be found in North America.

The sizes of moles are surprising in their diversity:

• minimum length - 5 centimeters, maximum - twenty-one;
• weight - from nine to one hundred and seventy grams.

Moles are ideally adapted to an underground lifestyle, so they are ready to dig numerous passages.

Main visual differences:

• elongated body shape;
• the body is covered with thick and even fur, which can be velvety;
• The pile of a fur coat always grows straight.

Moles are able to successfully move underground in any direction, successfully making passages.

Appearance of the cockchafer

The body of the cockchafer reaches 2-3.5 centimeters in length. It is covered with a chitinous shell that protects the internal organs. We are accustomed to the fact that the insect has a light brown tint. But in nature, different types of beetles (photos are given in the article) can have different colors, from reddish brown to black. The shades depend on the habitat of the insects. Brown color is characteristic of those individuals that live in open sunny places, and black cover is characteristic of those living in shaded places, such as forests. The beetles live in Asia and Europe, preferring forest-steppe areas with young pine trees. But they also adapt quite well within the city limits, in artificial plantings of fruit trees.

How to deal with pest animals

Methods of combating various types of animal pests are very similar. However, they may differ in effectiveness.

• "Biological weapons". Cats don't just hunt mice and rats. They can even catch a mole. However, no matter how capable pets are, cats still cannot cope with a large number of rodents.
• Mechanical traps (various stranglers and crushers). It is not difficult to make the devices and install them; it is problematic to catch an animal in them. The main condition is to find a fresh pile of earth and dig it up. Animals do not like drafts, they will return to fix everything and end up in a trap. But this way you can catch only a few pests. And as you know, their population, especially rats and mice, is rapidly increasing. That is, you will need a lot of devices. The method is inhumane and also unpleasant, since no one will like to clean the traps from residues later.
• Ringing, rattling, vibrating devices. You can make them yourself. First of all, moles and mole rats will not like such homemade products.
• Flooding of holes. A dubious method, considering that the total length of the tunnels can reach 250 m. On the one hand, a huge amount of water will be needed, and on the other hand, this method of control threatens with banal waterlogging of the soil.
• Smoking animals out of their holes. In terms of “efficiency” it is not inferior to flooding. An exception may be smoke bombs installed by professionals from the SES. However, this is also a controversial issue.
• Ultrasonic repellers. Ultrasonic waves from properly installed devices are not liked by underground residents, and they try to leave the site.
• Planting plants. First of all, black elderberry is recommended, since its roots saturate the soil with substances that rodents cannot tolerate. On the one hand, this ornamental shrub will decorate any area, and its berries can be used for medicinal purposes (at least make a compote and drink it when you cough). On the other hand, elderberry grows quickly, forming thickets if it is not constantly controlled. An alternative to elderberry can be garlic, tansy, black root, imperial hazel grouse, mint, and wormwood.
• Various “folk-barbaric” methods. Dropping bottles of vegetable oil, scattering sugar mixed with lime, using a mixture of gypsum, flour and sunflower oil or crushed glass with wheat porridge and animal fat. There are many recipes, and they undoubtedly give results.
• Placement of fiberglass, fine mesh, metal sheets, slate and similar material around the perimeter of the area. It's labor-intensive, but the method really works. Such a fence does not allow pests into the garden.
• Products with strong odors (naphthalene, creolin). Sawdust or pieces of fabric soaked in substances are laid out around the trunks of trees, grapes and shrubs before covering them for the winter. This repels rodents and the bark remains intact.
• Chemicals. They are laid out around the holes. However, there is no guarantee that they will attract pests when there is already a lot of food around. Moreover, there is a risk that poisonous baits may be eaten by birds or other animals (it all depends on the composition of the product). But the disadvantages of this method do not end there. Pets can become poisoned if they are tempted by easy prey that has already tasted the “treat.”

In fact, there are many more pests in the soil. This is due to the fact that many insects undergo the larval stage in the soil, where food can always be found in the form of roots and plant roots, and at the same time protection from adverse weather conditions and natural enemies - birds and small animals.

Animals that live in the soil and harm the garden lead a hidden lifestyle, occasionally appearing on the surface of the earth, and only at night. Therefore, they are also difficult to catch, and the war against them is even more difficult than against insects. Success in it can be guaranteed only under two conditions: the presence of “angelic” patience and the use of an effective method. This means that you don’t need to try everything, but use only proven methods.

Unique insect abilities

May beetles fly at a speed of three meters per second - quite good for a small creature. In good weather conditions, they cover up to twenty kilometers per day. The flight altitude of the insect ranges from six to one hundred meters. The flight goal of all varieties of the cockchafer is always green spaces. The eastern insect prefers the nearest forest or tall trees. And western cockchafers orient themselves during flight to the highest objects in the distance, as a rule, these are forests.

A feature of these unique insects is their ability to find the right path. Studying the habits of the beetle, biologists caught them and moved them to a completely different place, releasing them after a couple of days. No matter how incredible it may seem, the insects took the same course, as if they were programmed to fly in a certain direction.

It is still unknown how beetles navigate. On the one hand, they determine the direction by the sun, but on the other hand, they fly perfectly even in the evening, when there is no sun. Apparently, polarized light is enough for them to understand where to move. Biologists even suggest that cockchafers are able to remember their surroundings, focusing on the most noticeable objects.

Field mice

Voles cause no less harm than earth rats. They spoil potato tubers and flower bulbs, and gnaw the roots and bark of trees and shrubs. Like other soil pests, mice dig holes, but the piles are much smaller, and the remains of gnawed roots can be found in them.

Voles often live in country houses

Under favorable conditions, they can bear offspring every month, multiplying exponentially. The only thing that can bring relief is the fact that not all voles survive in harsh winters.

Bark beetles

What are bark beetles? The species of these insects are very diverse. All of them live in vast areas, causing significant damage to plants, both growing and cut down. All these types of beetles are pests. These include:

1. Dendrocton, or spruce beetle.
2. Bark grinder beetle (furniture or house beetle).
3. Birch sapwood.
4. Shashel.
5. Oak large black barbel.
6. Xylophagous beetle.
7. Typograph beetle. People call it the bark beetle.
8. Woodboring beetle or house bark beetle (woodcutter).

melon aphid

Numerous scatterings of tiny green or black aphids can destroy many plantings of vegetable and berry crops.

Aphids settle in colonies. Feeding exclusively on plant sap, which they suck from young shoots, they poison plants with injected poison and can carry infections and viruses. In the absence of timely measures to destroy aphids, they can completely destroy most of the crop.

Methods for controlling aphids are carried out in several ways:

• mechanical, washing away insects with a stream of water;
• using a solution of wood ash and soap, decoctions of medicinal and other plants (tansy, yarrow, garlic, dandelion, tobacco, etc.);
• destruction of ant colonies that become carriers of aphids;
• chemical insecticides.

Melon aphids and spider mites

Wood-boring beetles

All species of this insect are common not only in forests, but also in all places where there are accumulations of wood. They easily appear in wooden houses, warehouses, cottages and even in wooden furniture. Since childhood, we have known another name for the insect - woodcutter beetle, or grinder.

Different types of pest beetles can cause a lot of trouble to the inhabitants of the house. As a rule, when building a house or cottage, wooden elements are not always treated with protective agents. If after a while you notice something wrong, or the floorboards are creaking, you should know that you have uninvited guests - wood-boring beetles. All types of household pests must be immediately destroyed, since they themselves will not leave you, but during their stay they will damage many wooden things, including floors, frames, and ceilings.

Woodworms have the characteristic feature of laying their larvae not in living wood, but in saw cuts. The beetle is very small in size - only a few millimeters. Almost all the time it is in wood, where its life takes place, and it prefers dry old wood. It must be said that the main damage is caused not by beetles, but by their larvae. After all, it is they who make passages in the boards, turning them almost into dust. It’s hard to imagine, but the larvae live from five to twenty years, gnawing through kilometers of tunnels. The woodworm itself is not capable of causing much damage. The beetles reproduce quickly, in the spring the females lay eggs, and after a week the larvae appear, feeding on the tree.

Earth rat

The largest representative of the vole family. However, this is where its similarities to mice end. She digs holes in the ground, and their entrances are quite noticeable. An earth rat can eat everything that grows in the garden - “from tops to roots,” and if it starts to starve, it will sneak into the house. It spoils crops, food, fruits, destroys bird nests, and gnaws the bark of trees. And this is only part of her “exploits”. And if you consider that this rodent has excellent fertility, then even if one mink is discovered, the gardener will have to prepare for a large-scale war.

Dendrocton, or spruce beetle

Dendroctons are common species of bark beetles. They can be found in Italy, England, Norway, and the countries of the Far East. The most suitable for them is taiga terrain; they rarely live in steppe areas. The pine beetle can make short flights. But the main way it spreads is through the transportation of contaminated wood.

The color of the pine beetle depends on its habitat; most often it is brown, black or brown. The body of the insect has an elongated oblong shape. And the mustache resembles a mace.

The female parasite lays eggs inside the wood; the hatched larvae, feeding, gnaw through entire networks of tunnels. Then they grow up and after a while lay their larvae.

Thin people are evil

If, while digging the beds, you see a long larva swarming in the soil, similar to a worm, but with a hard body, know: this is one of the dangerous pests.

Wireworm (larva of click beetle). Yellow (brown or dark brown) creatures up to 15–17 mm long, living in the soil to a depth of 10–12 cm. Wireworms got their name due to the fact that their bodies are extremely hard and tough.

The larvae feed on plant roots, seeds, seedlings, and seedlings and can cause great damage.

Prevention. In small areas, water with a solution of potassium permanganate (2–5 g per 10 liters of water). Sowing seeds not lower than the recommended depth with the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers. Keeping the soil free of weeds. Loosening to a depth of 10–12 cm. Timely collection of mown grass. Early autumn digging of the soil (until mid-September).

Biological protection. In the spring, before sowing, lay pieces of raw potatoes, carrots or beets in the soil to a depth of 5–15 cm (with a mark of their location). After 3–4 days, destroy the baits with larvae.

Chemical protection : see table. Shading traps made from freshly weeded weeds treated with any of the approved contact insecticides help against adult click beetles.

False wireworm (darkling beetle larva). In appearance, it is a brother of the wireworm: only its first pair of legs is noticeably larger than the next ones, and its head is convex on top.

Prevention and protection measures . Adding Vallar and Terradox, Contador maxi to the soil before planting. Use of shading poisoned baits.

Grinder

Borers are parasites, like all types of bark beetles. The body of the insect is elongated, and the head is hidden under a kind of hood. It mainly has a brown or brown tint. The surface of his body is covered with down. The beetle can fly, and then colonizes large areas. Insects make mass migrations at the beginning of summer. Pests have their own defense mechanism, which is the ability to pretend to be dead.

Insects reproduce very quickly. Females make four clutches per year. Despite their modest size, beetles eat a lot.

Gopher

The gopher is an underground dweller that can be found in Central America. It has the following dimensions:

• length – 9 – 35 centimeters;
• tail – 4 – 14 centimeters;
• weight – 1 kilogram.

In most cases, gophers live underground, and their housing most often includes complex underground passages. It is assumed that the passages are laid in different soil horizons. The length of the tunnels often reaches 100 meters.

Birch sapwood

All types of beetles (photos are given in the article) - bark beetles - have an excellent appetite. Birch sapwood was no exception. His favorite delicacy is old birch trees. But during reproduction, the parasite will not ignore young trees. If such an insect settles in a tree, it will live no more than a few years and die.

The beetle gnaws holes in the wood, which provide ventilation for their home and become a site for fertilization of females. The length of the insect does not exceed 6.5 millimeters. There are spots on the wings. Beetles fly en masse at the beginning of summer. They are now found throughout Europe. What kind of wood do beetles prefer? Different types of birch trees of all ages become home to parasites. In addition to gnawing tunnels, beetles also infect trees with fungi. Since their body is covered with villi, they easily spread spores. Diseased trees gradually lose branches and then die.

Spider mite

The invasion of small red bugs in the garden in the ground or on the leaves of fruit trees means the appearance of spider mites in the garden plot. Their main diet consists of plant juices, which they extract from leaves and young shoots. The result of parasitism is damaged plant parts covered with a thin white cobweb.

The size of red mites is no more than 1 mm, but they live in large colonies and can cause significant damage to garden crops. The leaves begin to become stained, turn yellow, the plant becomes very weak and suffers from a lack of chlorophyll.

In the fight against insect pests of gardens in this situation, treatments with soap solution, garlic or onion infusion help. Insecticides (Aktellik, Neoron) and biological products (Fitoverm, etc.) are used as insecticides.

Shashel

The shashel is medium in size and its body is painted white. In the neck area you can see black spots among the white fibers. It is difficult to say which types of bark beetles are most dangerous to plants. Moreover, larvae usually cause more harm than adults. The shashel larva makes numerous moves, very quickly the trunk turns into dust. It can live in a tree for up to several years, and then turns into a full-fledged beetle. Shashel has one feature that makes them difficult to detect. All holes made in the wood remain filled with wood flour. It does not spill out, and therefore it is externally difficult to determine infection with such a parasite.

Signs of nematode damage

• Strawberry . Reddish or yellow-brown spots appear on the leaves. Their petioles turn red and lose their edges. Gradually the leaves turn brown and then dry out or rot. Over time, the affected rosettes become deformed, and their central part dies.
• Potato . The plant produces few stems (1-3), the leaves on them are small, quickly turn yellow and dry out. Tubers practically do not set or there are very few of them.
• Onion. The plant has thick, curved feathers. Over time, they turn yellow and droop. The bulb inside is soft, loose, and rots quickly.
• Beet. The leaves of the plant turn brown and wither. The root crop lags behind in development and shows signs of rot.
• Chrysanthemums. These flowers are most often affected by nematodes. The first sign is the appearance of light yellow spots on the leaves, which gradually turn brown, dry out and fall off. The shoots become short and thickened. Plants either do not bloom at all or form small inflorescences. In addition to chrysanthemums, the nematode can attack asters, delphiniums, zinnias, phlox and begonias.

Xylophage and typographer

A special feature of the xylophage is that its digestive tract contains fungi and bacteria that help break down wood. This parasite feeds on decaying fallen trees.

As for the typograph beetle, it destroys the forests of Kamchatka, the Far East, Europe, Sakhalin, and Siberia. He prefers trees with fairly thick bark, and the plant must be alive. An insect will never settle on a dead tree. Such bugs in the house are very dangerous. The types of wood do not matter much to them if they have chosen a wooden country house. From such a house, in just a year, only one piece of dust can remain. And because of its small size, the beetle is difficult to see, which is why it is so dangerous.

As we can see, all the representatives of bark beetles we examined are very dangerous beetles (species and names are indicated earlier), causing harm not only to homes, but also to large forest areas.

Nutrition

Already from the name of the insect it is clear what the dung beetle eats and what its main food is. However, as scientists have found, manure is not the only food product of these beetles. Adults, for example, can eat some mushrooms, and dung beetle larvae can also feed on insects.

In addition, dung beetles have their own taste preferences. Although they can eat the waste of many animals (mostly cattle), if given a choice, they will always prefer horse manure. By the way, it is horse and sheep excrement that insects try to store for their offspring.

Interesting! Dung beetles are very picky about food. Before they start processing the manure, they sniff at it for a long time and study it with the help of their antennae. And if during the examination the beetle is not satisfied with the smell of waste, it will not eat it.

Black beetles

It is believed that black beetles are the most dangerous for human habitation. The types of such insects are familiar to us from childhood: beetles, bark beetles, cockroaches. Whichever of these parasites settles in the house, you need to get rid of it urgently. But for the fight to be effective, we need to determine who our enemy is.

Khrushchak beetles are quite large in size: about two centimeters. But their larvae are very small, and therefore difficult to detect. They should be looked for in flour and cereals. These are their favorite places. Such spoiled products should be thrown away and the shelves should be treated with potassium permanganate or vinegar.

Black cockroaches may also appear in the house. Their danger is that they are carriers of viral diseases. While beetles and bark beetles die from insecticides, they have no effect on cockroaches. Therefore, experts recommend using the services of a sanitation service.

In order to protect yourself from the appearance of uninvited guests, you can periodically carry out preventive measures that will help keep insects out of your home. To do this, insecticides are again used, which are used to treat the back surfaces of cabinets, especially in the kitchen, baseboards, corners, and pantries. Sometimes it’s easier to prevent it from appearing than to get rid of it later.

Fighting methods

Of the beetle's enemies, it is worth noting starlings, sparrows, shrikes, beetles, storks, and hoopoes. The shrew destroys the larvae. Predatory flies and wasps can also help reduce insect numbers.

When using Metaphos, Chlorophos, Sumition, Decis extra 3 weeks before harvest, you can destroy up to 90% of pests. Among the drugs, Parachute, Karate Zeon, and Ephoria are also effective.

Folk remedies include spraying with vinegar solution and dusting with birch ash. Powder is usually applied in the morning. Ash is also sprinkled between the rows.

The largest beetles in the world

Once upon a time in childhood it seemed to us that cockchafers were very big. But in fact, there are much larger insects in the world. Let's look at some types of large beetles.

Titan is the largest insect (beetle) in the world. Biologists discovered an individual seventeen centimeters long, and in nature there are also twenty-centimeter giants. The habitat of such beetles is the Amazon rainforest. Females are larger in size than males. They live inside trees. With such impressive sizes, the beetles live only five weeks. Titan is simply a unique creature that does not even have close relatives. It belongs to the family of longhorned beetles, also called lumberjacks, which are distinguished by their beauty due to their large curved mustaches. The price of one such woodcutter beetle reaches five hundred dollars.

Medvedka

One of the largest garden insect pests that live underground are mole crickets. They have a large body (up to 6 cm long) of a dark brown color, equipped with digging front legs. Capable of cutting all underground parts of garden crops, including potato tubers and tree roots.

Such brown beetles prefer to settle in the country on moist soils well fertilized with humus.

Over the years, gardeners have developed several methods to combat mole crickets, which include: deep tillage of the soil (at least 15 cm in spring and autumn), construction of trap pits (diameter 30 cm, depth up to 79 cm) with manure, planting plants in cups, and also biological (Metarizin) and chemical agents.

Mole cricket and snow beetle

Life cycle features

Adult Colorado potato beetles spend the winter hibernating underground. In early spring, they move outside and begin to destroy only sprouted plants.

When the air temperature rises above ten degrees, the Colorado potato beetle begins its breeding season. In some cases, the beetles mate even before going to hibernation. Then they give birth immediately after waking up. The average lifespan of representatives of these insects is from one to three years.

The period of awakening and adaptation of beetles takes from one to one and a half months. If there is a food source, adult individuals quickly grow stronger and are ready to breed offspring.

The larvae emerge from the eggs a week after they are laid. The body of the larvae is fleshy, convex, and has a bright orange color. The main activity of these insects begins after the air temperature reaches 15 degrees.

Damage caused by skin beetle larvae

Destruction of human property is the main danger of worm-like insects. In addition to things, they can ruin expensive paintings, stuffed animals, skins, valuable herbariums, and stamp collections. If there is no such food, they feed on cereals, groceries, (depending on the species). Traces of their activity are ugly grooves on the surface of fur products, holes in sweaters, “holes” in carpets, etc.

The diet of the offspring of beetles includes organic residues, so they carry infectious diseases. There is a high probability of becoming infected with helminths in this way. This is the second important point of sabotage.

Among the locations of harmful insects there may be a human bed. There is no exact data on attacks in bed. But there is no refutation of the fact that young leather beetles will not want to “taste” the human body. Bites are often confused with bedbug bites. It is known that these insects live in beds.

There is only one useful use for the skin beetle's offspring. In museums that need to preserve skeletal exhibits, caterpillars are used to remove all organic matter from the bones. They act as thorough cleaners. After such treatment, the skeleton does not rot and is stored for decades, since there is nothing left on the surface of the bones that could rot.

Medvedka

The mole cricket is a large insect whose body length can reach 5 centimeters. The visual differences will be as follows:

• the size of the abdomen is 3 times larger than the cephalothorax;
• the abdomen may be soft in structure and may have a fusiform shape;
• diameter – 1 centimeter;
• At the end of the abdomen, paired thin thread-like appendages are visible.

The insect is primarily inclined towards an underground lifestyle. Despite this, it is capable of flying well, running on the ground and even swimming. The insect almost never gets to the surface of the earth. Even if a mole cricket gets to the surface, it happens in the dark.

Prevention

The Blue Danube is believed to be free from known diseases and pests. Breeders made sure that farmers did not worry about their harvest. But, do not forget that the invasion of parasites can never be predicted. At such moments, you should remember about preventive methods.

Before planting this potato variety, it is best to treat the seed material with special chemicals. You can use Fofatox or Admiral. During flowering, it is worth spraying the plant with substances that contain copper. This will protect it from the invasion of the Colorado potato beetle or aphids.

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