Signs of aphids on pears and measures to combat them

Aphids (Aphidoidea) are piercing-sucking pests. Distributed in the post-Soviet space, in Central Asia, southern Europe, and the Caucasus. Very small insects that can barely be seen with the naked eye. About 3 mm long, they can be winged or wingless. During bud break on the pear, larvae emerge from the eggs overwintering on young shoots.

They form large colonies and begin to suck juices from both leaves and young shoots. The leaves curl, and the shoots slow down in growth and development. After two weeks, the larvae begin to develop into adult females. In some years, some species of aphids produce 14–15 generations. By sucking juice from leaves and shoots, they weaken the tree and reduce yield.

The fruits become unattractive in appearance. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically combat these insects. We will tell you how to do this as efficiently as possible in this article.

What harm can aphids cause to a pear tree?

For almost all fruit trees, the greatest danger is aphids. This small insect quickly eats the green part of the plant and leaves it no chance of escape.

Green

This type of aphid settles on trees and shrubs, ignoring various garden plants. The insect got its name due to its color, the length of which rarely exceeds 2 mm. Green aphids reproduce quickly, laying eggs on the stems and trunk of the fruit tree.

Damage caused:

• damages leaves and drinks juice from them;
• helps slow down the growth of young shoots;
• provokes premature fruit drop;
• secretes a mucous fluid in which pathogens settle;
• spoils the integrity of the bark (larvae).

Bloody

This insect is considered one of the most dangerous garden pests. It has long legs that help it move quickly along the tree, and tenaciously holds on to the leaves. The name comes from the bright red chitinous layer that covers the entire body of the blood aphid.

Damage from insects:

• drinks plant juice from leaves and shoots;
• damages the bark;
• impairs plant respiration;
• releases a liquid that attracts pests (leaf roller, ants, etc.);
• reduces the tree's ability to resist diseases.

Gray rot is a disease of pear tree fruits.

The causative agent of the pear tree disease is the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers. A disease of pear fruits, gray rot, manifests itself in the form of large brown spots without a border on the leaves, and in years with cold and rainy summers - on fruits that turn brown and dry out. When there is an abundance of precipitation on necrotic tissues, abundant smoky-gray sporulation of the fungus develops. Over time, the mycelium dries out and multiple small rounded fruiting bodies are formed in it - black sclerotia. In dry weather, spots on the leaves crack and fall out, and the fruits turn brown and dry out. The infection persists through fruiting bodies on fallen leaves and fruits and mycelium in the bark of shoots.

Control measures. Using healthy planting material, complying with all agrotechnical requirements for growing crops, collecting and destroying plant residues, thinning thickened plantings, spraying trees with the preparation skor or rayok.

Rules of agricultural technology in pest control

If aphids are noticed on a pear, then you need to quickly take a set of agrotechnical measures. They will help prevent the pest from multiplying and spreading to neighboring areas. Similar work is carried out to prevent the appearance of insects.

Preparing for winter

Aphids lay eggs in the fall. All winter they do not pose a danger to trees. However, with the first warmth, larvae emerge from them and quickly begin to eat the buds and young shoots. To avoid such an invasion, it is necessary to carefully prepare pears for the cold season.

Necessary actions:

• removal of old and exfoliated bark;
• getting rid of moss on the trunk;
• pruning damaged branches;
• cleaning the tree trunk circle from fallen leaves and other plant debris;
• treating trees with urea solution.

Preparing pears for winter begins in late October or early November. Moreover, work can be carried out even at subzero temperatures (not lower than –5°C).

Treatment with drugs in spring

To fight aphids on pear trees, you need to use folk remedies or chemicals. The first option is safer for humans, since most products contain ingredients of natural origin. When using drugs, the effectiveness of pest control increases significantly.

The best chemical and biological agents against aphids

Before the buds swell

Spring is the best time to control aphids. All planned work must be carried out after warm and sunny weather has established. At this time, the buds have not yet had time to swell, so the aphids will not have the opportunity to drink the juice from them.

Methods for processing pears:

• spraying with a soap solution to which wood ash is added;
• treatment with a mixture consisting of grated laundry soap and 80 g of kerosene.

Before flowering

If before the start of flowering the pear looks sick, then it needs to be re-treated with the selected drug. It will improve the condition of the plant and destroy the hatched larvae.

During work, the same compositions are used that were used during the first treatment of trees. If many pests are detected, it is necessary to additionally spray the pear with a chemical. One tree will need at least 10 liters of diluted product.

When the fruits set

It is most difficult to treat a pear tree for aphids after flowering. This is explained by the presence of ovaries, which, if damaged, can lead to the loss of the entire harvest. The work is carried out carefully and divided into 2 stages:

• after the petals fall;
• at the time of fruit formation.

At each stage, the trees are fumigated and sprayed with the selected product. In this case, you can combine compatible drugs to achieve maximum effect.

Signs of appearance

If aphids have settled in the garden, this can be understood by the following phenomena:

• a sweetish sticky mixture appears on the branches, leaves and ground around the tree;
• the leaves curl into a tube and dry out;
• buds and young shoots are covered with a dark coating;
• flowers and ovaries fall off.

Where pears are bitten by aphids, a purple tint appears. The liquid that coats leaves and branches is called honeydew. Dark coating on buds and shoots is caused by sooty fungus.

Planting plants with a pungent odor

You can protect pears from aphids by planting various plants that have an unpleasant odor. It scares away insects and forces them to look for other places to live and breed.

Onion and garlic

The smell emanating from these representatives of the flora is hated by most harmful insects. Therefore, to forget about aphids, you need to plant some garlic or onions near the tree.

Parsley

These aromatic and healthy greens will help not only decorate the salad, but also prevent the appearance of aphids. It is planted in small quantities near the pear trunk. The optimal solution would be to form small beds with greenery around the perimeter of the site or between two adjacent trees.

Dill

Every orchard owner can get rid of aphid infestations with dill. This herb has a pungent odor that insects do not like. Not only the thin branches of the plant, but also the flowers have a repellent effect. The dill bed should be placed as close to the pear trunk as possible.

Fennel

Fennel is a perennial plant called dill. It is popular in Western European countries, where it is often used as food. It is rarely grown in the countries of the former Soviet Union.

Fennel is suitable for protecting pears from aphids. It does not require special growing conditions, so it can be planted even in near-trunk circles.

Celery

This plant is valued for its original taste and pronounced aroma. The latter feature is used by summer residents to combat aphids.

Celery can protect pears and other fruit trees from June to September. In the remaining time, the plant itself needs protection from aphids.

Calendula

Calendula (marigold) is a small plant with beautiful orange or yellow flowers. Its phytoncides contain substances that suppress any type of aphid.

To protect against the pest, 3–4 plants are planted in close proximity to the tree. During flowering, calendula attracts the attention of aphids with its aroma. Because of this, insects attack it, and not the pears growing nearby.

Recommendation! You should not plant too many calendulas near fruit trees, as this can attract a large number of pests.

Mint

Menthol, which is the main component of the essential oil of this plant, has a stupefying effect on aphids. Therefore, most of the insects will remain on the mint and will not be able to reach the pears.

Mint should be planted a few meters from the tree trunk. The plant prefers sunny areas, so it is necessary that the shadow from the tree crown does not block the light.

Mint needs moist and humus-rich soil. If you do not create optimal conditions, the plant will be weak and unattractive to aphids.

Lavender

This beautiful plant has an aroma that is pleasant to people, but poisonous to aphids. If you plant several plants next to fruit trees, insects will quickly leave the garden area.

Lavender needs sunny and dry places. The best option would be to arrange a small flower bed between the trees. In this place, the plant will receive the right amount of light and will be reliably protected from rain by the crown.

Carrot

This popular vegetable crop is often the target of aphid attacks. A small bed in the garden will be enough for the pest to immediately occupy it, and not the pears growing nearby. The time gained will be enough to process the area and prevent insects from attacking the trees.

Advice! If you treat carrots with insecticides in advance, the aphids will die and there will be no need to spray the trees with chemicals.

Biology guards your garden: birds and insects against aphids

To prevent aphids from annoying your garden, you need to call insects and birds, which are the main enemies of pests, as allies. The most harmful to aphids are:

• ladybugs, and especially their larvae;
• lacewings;
• ground beetles;
• hoverflies;
• predatory bugs;
• wasps;
• sparrows;
• kings;
• warblers;
• tits;
• wrens;
• linnets.

In order to attract insects that destroy aphids to your site, plant spicy and aromatic plants: dill, parsley, cloves, carrots, and nettles. Ladybug is very fond of calendula, which will also help decorate your garden.

Ladybug is one of the main enemies of aphids

Birds mainly feed captured aphids to their chicks. To attract birds to your site, install feeders, birdhouses and drinking bowls in accessible places.

Many plants have properties that either repel or attract aphids. This can also be used to kill pests.

Plant flowers such as petunia, begonia, mallow, cleome and nasturtium away from vegetables and trees - aphids will concentrate their attention on them and be distracted from garden plantings. Among the trees, such plants include bird cherry, linden and viburnum

Please note: in the fall, after flowering has ended, all plants that you planted to attract aphids to them must be harvested and destroyed. Either burn them or take them off site, otherwise the aphid clutch will overwinter in comfortable conditions and bring you trouble again in the spring

Marigolds, garlic and onions, fennel, Dalmatian chamomile, mint and coriander, on the contrary, repel aphids with their sharp spicy odors, so it will be useful to plant them in beds and between rows in the garden.

Cleaning grass between rows

Grass and various weeds increase the likelihood of aphids. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly clean the row spacing and carry out preventive measures.

Work order:

1. In mid-autumn, digging is carried out with the formation being turned over. At this stage, most of the grass will be removed.
2. When the outside temperature reaches sub-zero temperatures (at night), the soil is dug up again. The grass roots remaining after the first treatment will end up outside, where they will quickly be destroyed by frost.
3. In spring, clods of earth are broken up with shovels or special pitchforks.
4. After this, the soil is weeded.
5. If you wish, you can plant any cultivated plants or sow lawn grass on the prepared soil.

Planting dill and celery

The space that is empty after harvesting the grass between the rows is best filled with plants that repel aphids. Dill and young celery are considered the most effective.

Landing Features:

1. Dill should be planted in previously prepared grooves with a depth of no more than 2 cm. Very small celery seeds can be buried in the soil only to a depth of 5 mm.
2. Both plants need open areas that will be well warmed by the sun.
3. It is prohibited to plant celery and dill in lowlands and areas shaded by tree crowns.
4. If seeds are planted in winter, they must be covered with a layer of fallen leaves or mulch. With the onset of spring, the protective “veil” is removed.

Effective drugs

Dozens of different drugs have been invented to control pests. They are effective and easy to use. To use them to spray a pear against aphids, you need to carefully study the instructions for use.

"Kinmiks"

You can rid your garden of various small pests using Kinmiks. This insecticide has a paralytic effect that quickly immobilizes and kills aphids. The product is equally effective for exterminating adults and larvae.

"Kinmiks" is used sparingly and protects the garden from aphids for a long time. To prepare the liquid mixture, use 2.5 ml of the substance for every 10 liters of water. The solution is sprayed on trees during the growing season.

"Agravertine"

The easiest way to protect fruit trees from aphid invasions is with the help of Agravertine. This insecticide is not addictive to pests, which makes it possible to use it for several seasons in a row. The main advantage of the drug is considered to be safety for pollinators and predatory insects that eat aphids.

The effect of using the drug is noticeable within a few hours after spraying. When preparing the solution, the degree of damage to trees should be taken into account. In standard cases, use 6 ml of product for every liter of water.

"Fitoverm"

This drug is of biological origin. This makes it safe for people, trees and beneficial insects. Moreover, it is a strong poison for aphids. The area should be treated with Fitoverm weekly. If you reduce the frequency of spraying, the efficiency will decrease significantly.

For an area of ​​100 m2 you will need 100 ml of the substance diluted in 10 liters of water.

"Confidor"

This is one of the most popular drugs against aphids. It is highly effective and does not harm pears. Other advantages include low consumption and the possibility of use for several seasons in a row.

Before spraying trees and watering the soil around the trunk, you need to properly prepare the solution. To do this, take 2 ml of the substance and mix it with 10 liters of water. This amount of diluted Confidor is enough to treat an area of ​​100 m2.

"Karbofos"

This drug has stood the test of time and has earned positive reviews from gardeners. It kills aphids only after the insect comes into contact with the poison. Because of this, it is necessary to pay special attention to the correct spraying of trees.

To protect pears from aphids, it is best to use Karbofos in powder form. It must be taken at least 60 g and diluted with 6 liters of water. The prepared solution can be sprayed on trees no more than twice a season.

"Decis"

If the garden is attacked by colonies of aphids, then treatment with Decis will help save the trees from death. This pesticide works well against various insects and protects pears for 20 days. Before use, the drug must be diluted in water. For any fruit trees, use 1 g of the substance per 10 liters of liquid. The resulting solution is enough to spray two large or four young pears.

"Zolon"

This insecticide is popular due to its high effectiveness in controlling aphids and other harmful creatures (for example, the Colorado potato beetle or mite). “Zolon” ​​is produced in the form of a concentrated emulsion, which is diluted with water to the required volume. In most cases, use 2 ml of insecticide per 5 liters of liquid. This amount of the drug will be enough to treat an area of ​​10 m2.

"Mitak"

Aphids must be destroyed with Mitaka with the utmost care, since in large quantities the drug is toxic to bees and other beneficial insects.

This universal insecticide can be used for various garden and vegetable crops. In addition, the effectiveness of Mitaka can be increased by mixing with other drugs.

To combat aphids on an area of ​​1 hectare, you will need at least 3 liters of diluted product. The product exhibits its activity within 1.5 months, so the garden needs to be treated only 2-3 times per season.

"Ditox"

Getting rid of aphids using Ditox will be a simple task even for a novice gardener. This insecticide has a poisonous effect, so it can be used to combat many insects. The drug is not washed off by rain and works within 1 hour after spraying the pears.

Among the disadvantages are the relatively high cost and high consumption. Because of this, Ditox is recommended to be used only in the most extreme cases.

"Fufanon"

This effective insecticide is produced in the form of an emulsion. It is quite toxic, so it must be used strictly according to the instructions.

To get rid of aphids, you need to take 1 liter of the product and dilute it with water. The resulting composition is sprayed on the leaves and trunks of trees.

"Aktellik"

It is a powerful remedy that must be used with extreme caution. If you make a mistake with the dosage of the chemical or the timing of processing of pears, you can harm the plants and pollinators.

Actellik is produced in ampoules containing 2 ml of the substance. This amount of poison is diluted in a liter of water. The resulting liquid is sprayed onto plants and areas around them.

"Bankol"

This insecticide has a contact and intestinal effect. Thanks to this, aphids can become infected in several ways at once, which increases the likelihood of defeating the pest. "Bankol" can be used under any temperature and humidity conditions.

To get rid of aphids, you need to spray the trees with a diluted product. A mixture that is safe for plants and pollinators is prepared at the rate of grams of the substance for each liter of water.

"Aktara"

This powdered insecticide is capable of killing most harmful insects in a short time. At the same time, it is absolutely safe for people and pollinators. "Aktara" is valued for its low cost and long period of action.

To get rid of aphids on a pear, you will need 2–3 g of powder diluted with 10 liters of water. The trees on which the first leaves have appeared are treated with the prepared solution.

"Biotlin"

This substance has contact and intestinal effects. Its main advantage is its ease of preparation and use, but its disadvantage is the short period of protection for the garden (only two weeks). “Biotlin” copes not only with aphids, but also with other harmful insects.

To prepare a solution for spraying three trees, you need to dilute 3 ml of the product in 10 liters of water. Pears are treated with “Biotlin” before flowering begins.

Biological agents

Effective means of combating gall mites include biological preparations, one of them is Vertimek of enteric contact action. It is used against pests that could not be controlled by treating the tree with other acaricides. Vertimek is capable of destroying parasites on the lower and upper surfaces of leaves. 3 days after processing, the fruits can be collected.

In the fight against gall mites on pears, the drug Fitoverm is used; the active substance it contains does not accumulate in the fruits. They are allowed to process the plantings during fruiting. Its active action is noted at high temperatures.

When a gall mite appears on a pear, effective control measures consist of treating it with products before the buds open and after flowering. Experts warn that these parasites develop resistance to the drugs used over time, so it is necessary to alternate biological with chemical ones.

How to get rid of it using traditional methods

To quickly get rid of aphids on pears, you need to treat all the trees in the garden with folk remedies. This method of pest control is safe for humans and does not pose a danger to plants.

Dandelion

The most effective folk method is to use dandelion leaves and roots. If you have the opportunity to buy ready-made (dried) raw materials, you should definitely take advantage of it.

Cooking method:

1. Place 200 g of chopped dandelion roots in a deep container.
2. 400 g of leaves are added to them.
3. Plant raw materials are poured with 10 liters of water.
4. The mixture is infused for 3 hours.
5. Then it is filtered and used to spray pears.

Soap solution

This inexpensive product will rid the garden of most pests. You need to prepare it from laundry soap and slightly warm water.

Procedure:

1. Heated water is poured into a bucket.
2. 300 g of grated laundry soap is poured into it.
3. The components are mixed.
4. Spray the area with the prepared solution.

"Green Soap"

If pests appear on a plum, apple or pear tree, then you need to try to quickly get rid of them. The easiest way to do this is with Green Soap. This product is obtained from vegetable oils, fats, potassium salt and water.

Operating principle:

1. Aphids come into contact with the product applied to the leaves.
2. It envelops the body of the insect, blocking the access of air.
3. The victim quickly dies from the inability to breathe.

Tobacco dust

It is used quite rarely, giving preference to more traditional tobacco leaves. Despite this, the tobacco dust product copes well with aphid infestations.

Preparation procedure:

1. Add ½ cup of tobacco dust to 1 liter of boiling water.
2. The mixture is boiled for 30 minutes and then cooled.
3. Before use, the decoction is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:2.

Celandine or wormwood

A tincture of celandine or wormwood will help protect the tree from various small creatures. It has a repellent effect, so aphids will not linger on the pears for long.

Necessary actions:

1. Place 1 kg of dry plant in a large container.
2. 3 kg of fresh grass is added to it.
3. Plant components are poured into 10 liters of water.
4. The mixture is left for 24 hours.
5. After this, it is filtered and used when spraying the garden.

Tobacco infusion

This remedy for garden pests takes quite a long time to prepare. However, this disadvantage is offset by high efficiency and safety for plants. To prepare the tincture you will need dried yellow tobacco leaves.

Stages of work:

1. Boil 5 liters of water in a saucepan.
2. 200 g of crushed tobacco is poured into it.
3. The mixture is cooled.
4. Then it is placed in a cool place, where it is kept for 4–5 hours.
5. The finished product is filtered.

Using potato or tomato tops

To get rid of aphids, healthy green tops that are free of any damage are suitable. An alternative can be dried plant materials.

Algorithm of actions:

1. Boil 5 liters of water.
2. 1 kg of chopped tops is placed in it.
3. The mixture is removed from the heat and left for three hours.
4. Then it is filtered and used when spraying trees.

Wood ash

This natural substance is no less effective than expensive insecticides. To combat aphids, you can use the ash left after burning logs from deciduous trees.

Mode of application:

1. Bring 10 liters of water to a boil in a saucepan.
2. 200 g of ash are added to it.
3. The mixture is boiled again.
4. After this, add 40 g of grated soap.
5. The product is cooled to room temperature.

Getting rid of the parasite

What to do if parasites appear on a tree? The fight against aphids must be comprehensive.

Agrotechnical techniques

To avoid the appearance of aphids on the pear and quickly deal with pests, it is worth taking proper care of the plant. To do this, it is recommended to follow these rules:

1. After harvesting, it is worth preparing the garden for winter. To do this, it is recommended to destroy garden debris, remove weeds and fallen leaves.
2. In the first spring months, before the buds open, it is worth treating pears with aphids. Even if the larvae appear, they will quickly die.
3. It is recommended to plant crops with strong aromas near fruit trees. It could be garlic, onion, mint.
4. The grass between the rows should be systematically removed. It is recommended to water the cleaned areas with infusions of wormwood, tansy or garlic.
5. Plant celery and dill near trees. These plants attract natural enemies of aphids - ladybugs and lacewings.

Using chemicals

To kill aphids, pear trees should be treated with insecticides. Such products are characterized by fast action and high effectiveness. When spraying crops, you should follow safety precautions.

Biotlin

The product is sold in powder form, from which it is recommended to prepare a solution. To do this, take 3 milliliters of product per 10 liters of water. Each tree spends 2-6 liters of liquid.

Aktara

This systemic drug helps fight aphids. Thanks to its use, you can get results within a month. The product remains on branches and leaves after precipitation. Aktara produces a complex effect, destroying all pear pests.

Bankol

This remedy has an intestinal effect. The composition is present in the cells of the tree for a long time. It can be used during the flowering period. Thanks to this, by the time the fruits ripen, the product will leave the fruits and they can be consumed.

Aktellik

This is one of the most effective drugs for controlling aphids. Pest colonies die 3 days after spraying. The effectiveness of the product lasts for 1 month.

Biological agents

To cope with aphids, you can use biological agents. However, they are mostly used for prevention. It will be possible to achieve results only over a long period of time.

Iskra Golden

The basis of the drug is considered to be a substance obtained by synthetically converting nicotine and tobacco dust. The product is available in the form of powder, sticks, and liquid. Trees can be treated even at elevated temperatures.

Spark double effect

The basis of the drug is considered to be components such as permethrin and cypermethrin. The product is available in tablet form. Additional components include potassium and anti-stress ingredients. The drug not only destroys aphids, but also helps restore the tree after its attacks.

Iskra M

The effect after spraying lasts for 2 weeks. Complete removal of the product from tree tissue is observed 1 month after spraying. The product is produced in the form of a concentrated emulsion.

Traditional recipes against aphids

You can get rid of pests using folk remedies. Such recipes are highly effective and safe. However, they have to be used much longer than insecticides.

Alcohol infusion

Alcohol or vodka infusion allows you to cope with aphids. To do this, alcohol should be mixed in equal parts with water. It is recommended to spray the trees with the resulting composition.

Tobacco infusion

This remedy gives results in case of massive damage to the pear. To make it, take tobacco dust and mix it with cool water. Leave for 2 days. Before use, strain the infusion, add laundry soap and spray the pear.

Onion infusion

To make it, take 250 grams of unpeeled onion and cut into cubes. Fill with water and leave for a day in a dark place. Filter the composition and use.

Potato tops

Take a large bunch of raw materials and pour 10 liters of water. Leave for at least 4 hours, strain and sprinkle on the trees. Instead of potato tops, you can use tomato tops.

Additional Recipes

There are hundreds of folk recipes that allow you to prepare an effective remedy for aphids. All of them use only inexpensive components that are easy to buy in any locality.

Ammonia

This inexpensive product works well against small aphid colonies. To prepare an insect repellent composition, take 2 tbsp. l. ammonia, and dilute it with 10 liters of water. A few minutes before spraying, add 40 ml of liquid soap to the mixture.

After spraying the area with the mixture, it is forbidden to water the trees for two days.

Soda

This food component is absolutely harmless to humans and plants. Therefore, it can be used up to five times per season. The aphid repellent is prepared from a solution obtained after dissolving a bar of laundry soap in 10 liters of water. Add 100–150 g of soda to this mixture. The proportions of the components can be changed. Such changes in the recipe will not affect the effectiveness of the product.

Milk and iodine

A mixture of these components can quickly kill aphids on an apple, pear or plum tree. The finished product is poured into a plastic bottle, which is used as a spray.

Cooking method:

1. Mix a liter of water and 100 ml of milk.
2. A vial of iodine is added to the resulting liquid.
3. The product is thoroughly mixed.

Vinegar

This universal liquid is widely used in households. It is valued by gardeners for its ability to repel various insects, including aphids.

Mode of application:

1. Mix 1 tbsp. l. vinegar with a liter of water. When using vinegar essence, the amount of water must be increased 10 times.
2. The finished product is poured into a spray bottle.
3. It is used to spray trees and tree trunk circles.

Celandine

This useful plant belongs to the Poppy family. It has beautiful yellow flowers, medicinal leaves and iodine-rich stems. These parts of the plant are used to treat various diseases and repel harmful insects. To combat aphids, a tincture is prepared, which is sprayed on pears before fruiting begins.

Procedure:

1. 10 liters of water are poured into the pan.
2. 2 kg of celandine leaves and stems are added to it.
3. The plant is kept for 24 hours.
4. The resulting liquid is sprayed onto trees.

Mustard

You can increase the efficiency of pest control by using dry mustard. It repels aphids and other garden pests. The product is scattered in places where insects accumulate and left for a day. An alternative option would be to spray with a solution prepared from 10 liters of water and 100 g of mustard.

Vodka

You can save pears from aphids using vodka. Any drink, even the cheapest and low-quality one, will do the job. The main thing is that the alcohol content in it corresponds to the norm.

Vodka is sprayed onto the pears using a spray bottle. 1 bottle is enough to protect one tree.

Birch tar

This black substance is made from tree resin, which is safe for people and pollinators. To use it to completely get rid of aphids, it is enough to spray the trees with the solution 2 times. It is prepared in the following way:

1. Rub ½ bar of tar soap.
2. The resulting shavings are dissolved in a liter of boiling water.
3. Add 1 tbsp to the soap solution. l. birch tar.
4. Take 500 ml of the finished product and dilute 10 liters of water.
5. The liquid is used to treat the shoots and leaves of the pear.

Boric acid

This substance is popular due to its low cost, safety for humans, lack of a specific odor and high efficiency. Boric acid has a cumulative effect. As soon as the concentration of poison in the pest’s body exceeds the norm, it dies from paralysis of the muscular system.

Prepare a product from 2 g of white powder and a liter of liquid. They spray the leaves and branches of the pear.

What to process?

Adding fertilizers to the soil is a very important moment for the development of the plant. It directly affects the quality and quantity of the harvest. But, you need to know exactly what fertilizers need to be applied, at what time, their quantity and, of course, the characteristics of the drug. Plants that receive the correct complex of fertilizers have an undoubted advantage over a plant that received it or did not receive it according to the rules. The only disadvantage of feeding is its excess.

If fertilizing is applied in excess, this can also have a detrimental effect on the plant.

Urea (urea)

It is good to use urea fertilizer as a mineral fertilizer. An aqueous solution of urea is applied to the soil, and a weaker solution is sprayed on the leaves.

A diluted solution will prevent possible leaf burns. For good absorption of urea, potassium sulfate or phosphorus is added as the second component. The last component accelerates the growth of young shoots.

Acidic soil will not allow the pear to fully grow and develop. Calcium deficiency in the soil reduces pear yields. Acidic soils require liming and additional application of ash as a source of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium

In spring, the application of these fertilizers is especially important.

All substances necessary for development and growth must be supplied in ratios that are optimal and well absorbed. The composition of the fertilizer is simply scattered on the space near the trunk and spilled with water.

Bordeaux mixture

Treatment with Bordeaux mixture is carried out in early spring, before buds open. It consists of a solution in a certain proportion of copper sulfate and lime. Processing with a mixture is considered one of the oldest folk methods, which is still popular and effective. The drug is a strong poison for various microorganisms. Therefore, it is able to fight many diseases, including crops such as pear.

Karbofos

It is an effective drug for controlling various pests. It is mainly used for spraying plants. It is also used in processing pears. The dosage of the drug is calculated based on the area of ​​the treated surface. The main thing in its use is that the solution must be diluted in accordance with the instructions and applied immediately after dilution. For pears, it is recommended to spray 2 times per season at a dosage of 40 g of the drug per 10 liters of water.

Fitosporin

It is used to treat and prevent plants from various diseases. The drug is effective. The peculiarity of its use is that it absolutely cannot be diluted in tap water. Bleach can kill existing bacteria. It is recommended to dissolve it in well or rain water. After dilution, it is necessary to settle the water with the drug to effectively activate bacteria, and only then treat the trees. Treatment should not be carried out in hot weather; bacteria may lose their effectiveness in hot weather. Recommended spraying is once a month.

Using a catch belt

The hunting belt is a simple homemade structure that is attached to the trunk of fruit trees. The principle of its action is to create an insurmountable obstacle to insect pests. You can use fabric, straw, plastic, rubber or adhesive tape as the basis for the belt. The latter option is considered the most effective, as it allows not only to protect the tree, but also to exterminate many pests.

Installation method:

1. A strip about 30 cm wide is formed from the selected material.
2. It is wrapped around a tree trunk at a height of 50 cm from the ground.
3. The belt is securely fastened so that it does not accidentally fall under the influence of wind or rain.

Common gardening mistakes

Mistake #1. Carrying out autumn treatment of trees before the leaves are completely shed.

Such actions can lead to premature leaf fall, and in the worst case, to the appearance of burns on them.

Mistake #2. Process until flowering is completed.

All drugs are harmful to bees, so they can harm the pollination process.

Mistake #3. Refusal to whitewash tree trunks and remove old bark.

It is the bark that most often serves as a place for insects to overwinter and lay eggs, so refusing to treat it is a deliberate way to give the pest a “green light.”

A tree damaged and weakened by aphid attacks often causes the gardener to think that it will no longer be possible to save the plantings. But the modern arsenal of insecticides, as well as home remedies proven by the personal experience of many owners, makes it possible to rid the garden of the parasite in a relatively short period of time - on average up to four weeks. But you should be guided by the rule: it is easier to prevent a problem from arising than to constantly fight it later.

Additional prevention methods

To prevent the appearance of aphids and other pests in the garden, you need to create the most unfavorable conditions for them. In addition, preventive maintenance should be carried out regularly.

Effective methods:

1. Maintaining plant health. If pears are protected from diseases, then aphids will never grow on them.
2. Fighting eggs. At the end of autumn, you need to remove fallen leaves and weeds from the area. Most often, it is in them that aphids leave eggs for the winter.
3. Getting rid of anthills. Aphids always travel with ants, who protect them from enemies and receive food (sweet secretions) for this. If you destroy an anthill, the insects will go to look for a more favorable place to build a home.
4. Attracting natural enemies. Most small birds (sparrows, tits, etc.) enjoy feasting on aphids. If you lay out bait for birds (scatter grain or hang a piece of lard), they will quickly appear on the site.

Fighting aphids on a pear tree is difficult, but possible. To do this, you need to carefully study the current situation and take effective measures as quickly as possible. If successful, the trees will receive protection from the insect and will produce a good harvest.

conclusions

Aphids are a pest of garden crops. It especially often settles on pears, causing damage to the trees - the shoots do not ripen, and the fruits have an unattractive presentation. If you do not fight the pest, trees, especially young ones, may die, unable to withstand the winter. Therefore, the gardener should not allow this insect to spread on his site. Fight him using the following methods:

1. Chemicals. Used when there is a large spread of aphids on the site.
2. Trees are treated with metaphos, karbofos, kinmiks, agravertine and other preparations.
3. Traditional medicines. Not as effective as chemical agents, but practically harmless to humans. These can be decoctions and infusions of garlic, onion peels, potato tops, tomato and others.
4. Biological. Their enemies are used against aphids. For example, ladybug, lacewing. Or biological products based on plant extracts and other components that are harmless to humans. This group includes: bitoxybacillin, spark and others.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqSQ84Vj1U8

But preventative measures can prevent damage to pears by aphids: clearing weeds and loosening the tree trunk, destroying anthills, removing shoots, installing hunting belts. Find out about the features of planting a Tomato tree here.